With this newly proposed meta-platform, applications of the photonic spin-Hall effect 11, polar metalensing 12 and light bending 13, 14, 15, previously observed in 3-D metamaterials, have been successfully demonstrated. Recently, metasurfaces have been proposed to overcome these issues by reducing the dimensionality to a two-dimensional (2-D) meta-platform. However, multi-layered three-dimensional (3-D) metamaterials suffer from complicated and costly fabrication, a narrow usable bandwidth due to their resonant character and low optical efficiency due to the inherent metal absorption. Metamaterials with metallic structures have been demonstrated to exhibit unique electromagnetic properties that are not available naturally, such as extraordinary transmission beyond the diffraction limit 1, 2, efficient light-harvesting ability 3, 4, plasmonic color filtering 5, 6, 7, and, most notably, controlling the reflection or transmission direction of a light beam 8, 9, 10.

This development paves a foundation for metasurface structure designs towards practical metamaterial applications. By reducing the metamaterial structures to 1-D, our metasurface beam splitter exhibits the qualities of cost-efficient fabrication, robust performance and high tunability, in addition to its applicability over a wide range of working wavelengths and incident angles. Based on this new material platform, a novel form of metasurface holography is proposed and demonstrated, in which an image can only be reconstructed by using a TM light beam. The results indicate that this photon manipulation mechanism is fundamentally different from those previously proposed for 2-D or 3-D metastructures.

The large anisotropy resulting from this TE-metal-like/TM-dielectric-like feature can be explained by the dispersion curve based on the Bloch theory of periodic metal-insulator-metal waveguides. Here, we present a unique one-dimensional (1-D) metasurface based on bilayered metallic nanowire gratings, which behaves as an ideal polarized beam splitter, producing strong negative reflection for transverse-magnetic (TM) light and efficient reflection for transverse-electric (TE) light. However, complex designs and sophisticated fabrication procedures are still required.

Two-dimensional metasurface structures have recently been proposed to reduce the challenges of fabrication of traditional plasmonic metamaterials.

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